3 results
Financial History1
- Y. Cassis, P. L. Cottrell
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- Journal:
- Financial History Review / Volume 1 / Issue 1 / April 1994
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 September 2008, pp. 5-22
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The considerable renewal of interest in all aspects of financial history over recent years provided one motivation for this new venture. Yet, the foundations for our specialism, which draws from both History and the Social Sciences, especially economics, have been laid by many. Some would point to continuity in our interest from the publication in the 1930s of jubilee banking history volumes, such as those written for British institutions by Gregory, and by Crick and Wadsworth. Further scholarly momentum came from the studies in comparative banking history undertaken by researchers inspired and brought together by Rondo Cameron from the mid-1960s. Upon these footings and others, financial history has since ‘taken off’ to address an increasingly wider range of issues. This considerable broadening of the specialism, ironically, almost coincided with the decline and then the eventual demise in 1987 of the Revue Internationale d'Histoire de la Banque, founded in 1968. This is not the place to draw up a balance sheet of that journal, which has played a decisive role. Its demise, however, left a gap. Financial History Review aims not only to take up its cause, but also to widen the scope of publishing in the field – from banking to financial history – in order to offer the fullest possible support for continuing research.
Broiler breeder paradox: a project report
- E. DECUYPERE, P.M. HOCKING, K. TONA, O. ONAGBESAN, V. BRUGGEMAN, E.K.M. JONES, S. CASSY, N. RIDEAU, S. METAYER, Y. JEGO, J. PUTTERFLAM, S. TESSERAUD, A. COLLIN, M. DUCLOS, J.J. TREVIDY, J. WILLIAMS
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- Journal:
- World's Poultry Science Journal / Volume 62 / Issue 3 / September 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 September 2006, pp. 443-453
- Print publication:
- September 2006
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A first product of this European project was a tool for scoring chick quality. A link was established between chick quality and embryonic physiological parameters such as heat production. Eggs from broiler breeders that give rise to rapidly growing broilers have a different embryonic development that may need modified incubation conditions. Within genotypes, better chick quality induces better liveability and faster growth in broiler production. Extensive data on broiler breeder production were generated. Feed restriction was necessary to maintain welfare and reproduction at acceptable levels in standard broiler breeders. The dw-experimental genotype (E) was more tolerant to ad libitum feeding. If an alternative to feed restriction had to be found, the use of a dw genotype with less severe feed restriction could be adopted. Fibre per se, or partial feed restriction during the growing period, only compensated to a small extent for the negative effects of early fast growth on later reproduction. The results of the project on behaviour did not support welfare concerns on feed restriction. They confirmed the hypothesis that environmental pecking is a displacement activity rather than a sign of frustration. Factors other than central control by pituitary hormones seem to be involved in the modulation of the laying rate. The local (intra-ovarian) role of growth factors such as Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGFs), Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and leptin are known to modulate the effect of gonadotrophins on ovarian function. For both BMPs and IGFs, feed restriction enhanced the interaction between growth factors and gonadotrophins as well as the proliferation of granulosa cells in vitro. Future genetic selection of broiler breeder production might aim at uncoupling the control of growth factors in the ovary from the selection for rapid growth to maintain or increase the growth rate of chicks without further penalising the already poor reproductive performance of broiler breeders. Putative quantitative trait loci for ovulation rate were identified in the project and may eventually facilitate selection by breeding companies for birds that could be fed enough feed to optimise their welfare.
1 - Introduction: the weight of finance in European societies
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- By Y. Cassis, University of Geneva
- Edited by Youssef Cassis, Université de Genève
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- Book:
- Finance and Financiers in European History 1880–1960
- Published online:
- 12 January 2010
- Print publication:
- 12 December 1991, pp 1-16
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Summary
The object of this book is to attempt an evaluation of the role of finance in European history from the late nineteenth to the mid twentieth century. It is innovative in the field of financial history by adopting simultaneously a global approach and a comparative approach.
By ‘global approach’ one means that European finance cannot be understood only at the economic level but should also be considered at the social and political levels as well as in the general context of international politics and economics. Thus this book analyses the position of the financial sector in the economies of six European countries by considering various indicators ranging from the share of the sector in the GNP or the workforce to its contribution to economic growth and the effects of state regulation. It then turns to the position of financial elites in society, discussing to what extent financial elites form a distinct business and social elite, an ‘aristocratic bourgeoisie’, enjoying a special social status. The weight of financial interests in the shaping of government policies, in particular economic policies, is also examined, which in turn requires paying attention to such themes as financial lobbying, the possible conflicts of interests between banking and industry, or the role of the central bank. But European finance cannot be considered independently from the rest of the world. Although the well-worked theme of finance and imperialism is not directly addressed in this book the impact of the rise of extra-European financial centres is discussed, in the first place New York, but also the background to the rise of Tokyo and more recently such centres as Hongkong, Singapore, Bahrein or Sydney.